DuckDuckGo
Non-EUUS-based privacy search engine. Does not track searches or build profiles. Free with a $9.99/month option adding VPN and identity protection.
- •US-based, subject to PATRIOT Act, FISA, and CLOUD Act
- •Search results and ads powered by Microsoft Bing
- •2022: allowed Microsoft tracking scripts to bypass its own blocking
- •No independent search index. Core functionality depends on Microsoft
- •Data stored on US servers, outside EU jurisdiction
DuckDuckGo does not track your searches or build a profile on you. That is the core pitch. Founded in 2008 in Pennsylvania, it handles about 3 billion queries a month. Search results come mostly from Microsoft Bing, topped up by DuckDuckGo's own crawler and over 400 other sources.
The company also makes a private browser for mobile and desktop. It blocks third-party trackers, forces encrypted connections when available, and has a "Burn" button that wipes your browsing data in one tap. An Email Protection feature strips trackers from incoming messages before forwarding them to your real inbox.
Search and tracker blocking are free. A $9.99/month Privacy Pro subscription adds a VPN, data broker removal, and identity theft restoration. AI chat is included at every tier. The free version gives you GPT-4o mini and Claude Haiku. Paid plans unlock stronger models like GPT-4o and Claude Sonnet, with none of your conversations stored or used for training.
Worth knowing
DuckDuckGo is a US company, subject to the PATRIOT Act and CLOUD Act. In 2022, security researcher Zach Edwards found that its mobile browser let Microsoft tracking scripts run on third-party websites while blocking Google and Facebook trackers. The reason: a contractual deal with Microsoft, which also supplies the search results and ads. DuckDuckGo fixed it after public backlash, but the episode showed that business partnerships can override privacy promises.
Your queries travel through US infrastructure. There is no EU office and no way to keep your data under EU jurisdiction. If that matters to you, an EU-based search engine removes that uncertainty entirely.
- •US-based, subject to PATRIOT Act, FISA, and CLOUD Act
- •Search results and ads powered by Microsoft Bing
- •2022: allowed Microsoft tracking scripts to bypass its own blocking
- •No independent search index. Core functionality depends on Microsoft
- •Data stored on US servers, outside EU jurisdiction
Startpage
Get Google-quality search results without giving up your privacy. Startpage strips your data before queries reach Google.

by Switch-to.eu
Other Alternatives

Qwant
Search the web privately from Europe. Qwant does not track your queries, build a profile, or sell your data to advertisers.

Ecosia
Search the web and plant trees. Every search on this Berlin-based engine funds reforestation and climate projects in 35+ countries.
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